|
|
Top
News
Hey
Teacher! What's Up for 2000?
By Michele Johnson
As the school bell rings in the new year
this week, knapsacked kids will be running back to a recharged
Topanga Elementary School. During the summer, staff and parents
of the charter school immersed themselves in an intensive
Galef Institute training program and will bring their training
back to the classroom. A P.E. teacher--a Pepperdine intern--will
be hired with TEP (Topanga Enrichment Program) funds to offer
weekly classes, which should free up some planning time for
the teachers. Kindergarten through third grade will be held
to a 20 to 1 student/teacher ratio. Also, for some second-graders,
an intensive 10-to-one class will be offered to provide extra
reading assistance.
|
|
| The school is spruced
up, too. As a preventative measure, the District replaced flooring
containing asbestos with new flooring in all the classrooms.
The classrooms tested safe, but with Prop BB funds in hand,
the District could replace the old floors before they could
release asbestos as they wore out. Energy-efficient lighting
was added, too, and new office furniture. Air conditioning and
fresh paint haven't happened yet, but are promised down the
line. The upper and lower playgrounds are newly refurbished,
with spongy fall mats set beneath climbing structures and new
grassy areas with trees that will provide shade as they grow.
Some complained that the new playgrounds are not user friendly,
with too few activities for the kids, but the much missed handball
courts will be in as school begins and other innovations will
follow, Goodman said. |
PHOTO BY KATIE DALSEMER

Topanga Elementary's teachers.
Top row: Leslie Yates, Ann Matsuyma, Marty Langham, Jenny
Baker, Laurie Gurvis, Julie Buntin, Amy Weisberg, Devon Chatham,
Anne Heed. Bottom row: Nancy Spire, Principal Eileen Goodman,
Marianne Bordier, Gretchen Booth, Lisa Bowden, Donna Workman,
Ellen Gill, Brooks Walker. Not pictured: Bonnie Wallace as
well as Sylvia Gentile, Dawn Da Mar (both new this year).
|
GALEF GIVES A LIFT
Scores are generally up at Topanga Elementary,
especially in the early grades. Second and third grade scores have
risen dramatically-up double digits in math, reading and language.
Fourth grade scores are also up across the board, though fifth grade
scores have dipped a little. So if scores in general are up, why
Galef? "The information is not new to the Topanga staff,"
said Resource Specialist Gretchen Booth, "but Galef gives us
permission to sit down and plan a curriculum as a team." Galef
training is based on a theory of multiple intelligences, says Gretchen,
that assumes each child has a gift in one or more areas of intelligence.
The program integrates the arts from dance to drawing into the curriculum
in a way that allows each child to use his or her gifts to learn.
That should benefit all students-from the gifted to the learning
disabled-and allow each student to progress in a personalized way.
Since the Galef Institute has a proven track record, raising scores
and more in the schools where it has been applied, "It will
validate what we've been doing," Gretchen feels. Galef follows
up its training with a unique support system, offering class plans,
free supplies and regular monthly visits by Galef staff members
that will continue for three years. This is a vast improvement on
similar programs, says Gretchen, that "give you the information
and then it's 'Goodbye, you're on your own.'" Booth mentioned
that Meryl Price, once the innovative principal of Pali High and
now the head of the new subdistrict that includes Topanga Elementary,
has given his support to the new plan. "He helped behind the
scenes," said Booth. And she continued, "Eileen Goodman,
to her credit, really sought to have this happen."
Everyone took the training, including Goodman and several parents.
"We all responded very positively," said Gretchen. "We
had a terrific time. They made it fun. We learned a lot about each
other."
To get the new program off and running, teachers planned to meet
before school started on pupil-free days beginning at the end of
August. "Everybody's really feeling empowered by Galef support
to ask for what children need to be successful even if it is unorthodox
or nontraditional," though, Gretchen stresses, "we're
certainly not going to neglect the basics."
Third grade teacher and long-time Topangan Brooks Walker agrees.
"I'm excited about Galef," he says, and hopes it will
bring "more discussion and problem solving among the teachers."
And though, he says, "teachers have done a lot of art in the
past," now it will be more integrated into the curriculum.
Also, thanks to supportive parents, finished pieces will be exhibited
in a new display space in the auditorium.
BONNIE'S BACK
Topangan Bonnie Wallace will teach the second
grade this year in the small class, part of the District's Intensive
Academic Support Program to provide extra support for early literacy.
Bonnie, in her 11th year at Topanga Elementary, took a leave of
absence last year to cope with a serious illness. Now she's back
and "very excited by the Galef program. I so believe in constructivist
teaching"-having students build on their prior knowledge and
abilities. Though she doesn't feel 100 percent, Bonnie says, "I'm
on the way." She asked to say thanks for "the support
in the community and at school. The love and the care in the community
was so phenomenal. I think it really assisted me in my recovery.
The thoughts, prayers and concerns-it all mattered. It really mattered."
Four of the 19 dedicated teachers on staff have put down roots in
Topanga, including Gretchen, Brooks, Bonnie and fifth grade teacher
Marianne Bordier.
Those teachers reflect the overall high standard of Topanga Elementary
teachers. Gretchen, for example, grew up in Boston where she graduated
from Smith College with a degree in Theater. She had a career in
theater and as a professional singer doing backup on commercials.
Changing gears, she got credentialed as a preschool director and
relocated to Los Angeles, where she worked as a preschool teacher
in Los Feliz. When she began having children of her own, though,
she yearned to raise them in a more beautiful environment. "I
drove everywhere in the city and when I saw Topanga, my jaw dropped
and my heart started pounding." She took a job at Topanga Co-op
Preschool 14 years ago and moved her three children here. Later,
she received a Resource credential and after teaching severely emotionally
disturbed and incarcerated kids in the city, found her way to work
as a Resource teacher at Topanga Elementary. "We're very sensitive
to special needs," said Gretchen. "Eileen Goodman is supportive.
She used to be a special needs teacher herself."
Brooks Walker was born and raised in Topanga, and was a graduate
of Topanga Elementary himself. After college, he began to travel,
from Australia to Africa, to Europe and on to Central America and
the Middle East. "I searched all over the world for a place
to live and ended up 100 yards away from where I was born [near
mother, Jean]. I live in the best place and have the best wife and
baby [Attica, two months old]." He's been teaching at Topanga
Elementary for three years, starting as a P.E. teacher and teaching
assistant. Keen on the sciences, he has the kids collect water samples
and weather information, submitting the information to the Globe
website, which according to strict protocols, analyzes the data
for the class.
Bonnie Wallace is a California kid who has lived in the Canyon since
1968, and has been teaching at Topanga Elementary since 1989. She
began there as a parent and PTO president while she raised her two
children. Before her illness she was tireless, not only working
at the school but offering invaluable services as a tutor.
Fifth grade teacher Marianne Bordier was also a California kid,
growing up in Mar Vista. But, Marianne says, she "always loved
Topanga." She began boarding a horse in Topanga when she was
18, and "rode all the trails." After spending a year studying
art in Mexico and graduating from Northridge, she and her husband
found property in Topanga and built a home here in 1989. In 1992,
"the year of the fire," she began teaching fourth grade
at Topanga Elementary. She switched from fourth to fifth this year
because her son Matt will be a fourth grader. Her daughter went
through Topanga Elementary, too, and is now at Malibu High. She's
looking forward to the Galef program. "I think it's going to
be a lot of fun." Though, she adds, "Their philosophy
goes very much according to the philosophy we've been using over
the years." Marianne feels the help they'll be getting from
the Galef Institute will enrich their program.
THOSE AMAZING PARENTS
Gretchen says the school is not just reliant on its fine teaching
staff. "We have amazing parents and that's all there is to
it," she enthuses. "The amount of parent talent and support
is phenomenalIt's why I love my job." Specifically, she praised
hard-working parents like Rick Oginz, Elaine Hansen, Jeanne Vanos,
those on the Board and with TEP and the PTO, room parents and all
the many who offer their services in the classroom. They teach art
and cooking, provide materials for projects, do repairs, build shelves-the
list goes on, says Gretchen.
ADDRESSING CONCERNS
Parents were concerned because last year no
one was appointed coordinator for the gifted program. Despite that,
Gretchen said, teachers still continued to serve gifted children
well within the classroom. But she says she speaks for the other
teachers when she says, "We're going to make sure it happens
this year." Leadership committees were not staffed last year,
either, stifling problem-solving. This year, "We will all really
make an effort to make sure these committees are filled," said
Gretchen.
This year, she says, the teachers are working with administration
and parents to foster "free-flowing communication" among
all stakeholders, including the community at large. "Communication
must be honest, free, respectful and open at all times."
Click
here to Mouth off !
[top]
Woodland Ordinance Update
By Michele Johnson
On Wednesday, September 27, the Los Angeles
County Regional Planning Commission will once again take up the
question of the Woodland or Protected Tree Ordinance. They could
decide to vote on a newly revised ordinance, or they might decide
to postpone the vote while they consider alternatives or schedule
community meetings, reports Annie Lin, acting senior Regional Planning
assistant.
According to Lin, some version of a 40-foot exempt zone around each
home and a tiered system of fees will be included in the revision
up for the September 27 vote. The changes have not been written
into the ordinance yet, Lin said, because the details have not been
ironed out. Regional Planning met with Forestry and Fire to discuss
the changes during the week of August 20. At issue is what to do
about trees planted by builders to replace trees they remove. According
to the existing permit process, these replacement trees are meant
to stand in perpetuity. Under the new 40-foot rule, should those
trees be exempt from the permit process or should the current owner
be required to protect them? Another question: should all species
of trees be exempt from permitting or should there be exceptions?
These questions, says Lin, must still be resolved.
On September 27, along with the newly worded ordinance, the staff
will present "suggestions" for the commission to consider,
says Lin, "to streamline the ordinance; some alternatives to
the current proposal." They could, she said, "perhaps
scale it down to pinpoint what are critical areas in the County
and focus on those." This would involve taking the ordinance
back to the drawing board, using Fish and Game statistics to target
the areas most affected. That is one suggestion. There could be
others, she said. "We're looking at different options."
If the commission approves the ordinance on September 27, a public
hearing would be held before a vote is taken by the Board of Supervisors.
People could come and testify and a full public review would take
place, Lin said.
Faced with opposition to the ordinance, the County had been planning
to discuss the ordinance with community leaders before the commission
vote, Zev Yaroslavsky's aide Laura Shell told the Messenger
in early August. But at this point, though Shell "talked to
some folks in Topanga about the ordinance," no formal discussion
with Town Council or TASC (Topanga Association for a Scenic Community)
leaders has taken place. But, she insisted, "We will be talking
to them before the vote." The Regional Planning staff, said
Lin, has no plans to sponsor any community meeting or outreach with
leaders before the vote.
For
current letters on the Proposed Woodland Ordinance, click here
For
more about the Proposed Woodland Ordinance, click here
Click
here to Mouth off about this issue !
[top]
Citizens Move to Lower
Limit
By Tony Morris
Concern about
the speed and increasing commuter traffic through the center
of town has prompted a group of Topanga businesses to call for
a "Safe Zone" with a speed limit of 25 miles-per-hour
from School Road to Grandview Drive. Following an August 10
Messenger article summarizing Caltrans' draft report
for proposed traffic improvements along the Boulevard, Phyllis
Persechini, graphic artist and owner of a web page design firm,
joined with Arlette Morgan, proprietor of Café Mimosa,
to review the Caltrans proposals. Morgan is especially concerned
about proposed traffic improvements as she experienced an 80
percent drop in business during the re-construction of the Boulevard
in 1998.
Persechini and Morgan contacted businesses along the Boulevard
requesting support for a "call to action" to lower
the speed limit through the center of Topanga and improve the
safety of the community.
In a letter addressed to Sheik Moinuddin, Senior Transportation
Engineer in the Office of Traffic Investigations at Caltrans,
16 owners of businesses, ranging from Topanga Lumber to Country
Natural, say that the steady increase in commuter traffic has
resulted in increased traffic speed. "Rather than making
a thruway out of our Boulevard in the central area, let's treat
the Boulevard like the center of town that it is and slow traffic
down to 25 mph."
Persechini and Morgan began to circulate a petition throughout
Topanga: "It's our Main Street! (not a Freeway!)"
Within hours of its appearance, hundreds signed the petition.
Copies of the petition will be available for signature at most
businesses in town. |
It's our Main Street!
(not a Freeway)
New proposals could destroy our town.
There are State plans afoot to re-regulate Topanga Canyon
Boulevard. These plans are already well advanced. They limit
turn access into and out of residential and business roads
and driveways. Roadside parking in many areas would be eliminated.
The State feels this is necessary, because they want to maintain
a high speed limit through heavily populated areas. They appear
to consider our main street to be no more than a commuter
route.
Topanga is a beautiful small town, with an engaging and unique
mixture of family homes, businesses, pedestrian interests
and spontaneous activities which occur along the Boulevard.
The quality of life will be better improved by respecting
public safety through the establishment of a safe zone with
a speed limit of 25 mph from the lumberyard to the school
road.
A lower speed would create:
oNo need to limit access (turns/parking)
oIncreased pedestrian safety (at last you could take a walk
in Topanga)
oA safer environment for our children
oA safer environment for our pets and wild animals
oAn increased sense of community
oLower noise levels.
Immediate action is necessary to implement our plans for community
safety rather than their plans for commuter convenience. Please
sign the petitions in local businesses and come to the scheduled
meetings to help find solutions. A meeting with Caltrans is
scheduled for Thursday, October 12.
Meetings to form strategies will be held prior to that date.
Call Arlette Morgan at (310) 455-7876 for more info or to
find out what you can do to help.
"Slow Down Thru Town"
|
Click
here to Mouth off!
[top]
Accidents Will Happen
|
By Penny Taylor
For some people, August 23rd was one
of those days when the best reason for crawling out of bed
was to crawl under it.
It started early at 4:58 a.m. when a motorcycle heading
southbound on Topanga Canyon Boulevard, just beyond the
bridge below the s-curves, crossed the yellow line and hit
an oncoming car. The driver of the car was uninjured, but
the motorcyclist was taken to the hospital to be treated
for an injured hip.
At 10:35 a.m. Captain Mike Johnson and Station 69 crew responded
to a call on an accident in the 300 north block of Topanga
Canyon Boulevard. A vehicle heading southbound on Topanga
Canyon Boulevard crashed into a utility pole on the first
turn north of Entrada. The impact damaged a piece of relay
equipment owned by Verizon Wireless and didn't do wonders
for the front end of the vehicle.
Officer Doug Reynolds of the California Highway Patrol said
the driver, a Valley resident, sustained only minor injuries,
but was transported by ambulance to Kaiser Hospital in Woodland
Hills. He quoted the driver of the car as saying he was
"just going too fast."
Jump to 7:11 p.m. and the corner by the Post Office on Topanga
Canyon Boulevard. A Porsche traveling southbound lost control
on the curve and hit a parked car. The Porsche then bounced
out into the boulevard and ended up across the street. The
car that was hit was pushed into another car, which pushed
a parked SUV partially into the street. The owner of the
Porsche, another Valley resident, wasn't hurt and the Porsche,
which was fairly new, wasn't damaged much. A bystander overheard
him speaking on his cell phone to his father, telling him
that he'd had another wreck and it was the blue Porsche.
Apparently there are more than one in the family.
In all three cases, speed and loss of control were major
factors. Could this be why local businesses are trying to
get the speed limit reduced in the area between the lumber
yard and Old School Road? (see article above.)
And ya' all be careful out there.
|
PHOTOS BY VIRGIL MIRANO
On Friday, August 25, a car became
fully engulfed in flames on Entrada and Cañon. Only
quick action from the Fire Department kept the conflagration
from spreading.
|
Click
here to Mouth off!
[top]
Mulholland
Pipeline
Delayed
|
|
By Michele Johnson
Facing stiff opposition, the Los Angeles Department
of Water and Power has agreed to delay a pipeline extension that
would have brought water and, opponents contend, massive development
to a stretch of Dirt Mulholland. The pipeline, which would run from
the Corbin tanks on Dirt Mulholland westward to the end of Dirt
Mulholland, has been put on hold until a Focused Environmental Impact
Report is prepared. The report will "address issues raised,
specifically issues of growth inducement and geologic impacts,"
read a letter that the DWP's Assistant General Manager Gerald A.
Gewe sent to all interested parties on August 15.
The pipeline would have extended to a point 1/2 mile east of Santa
Maria Road in Topanga, paving the way for two planned developments
very close to Topanga, said Roger Pugliese, head of TASC (Topanga
Association for a Scenic Community), who has lobbied hard for the
delay. "Everybody sees it as growth-inducing," Pugliese
insists. Opponents, he says, include L.A. City Council member Cindy
Miscikowski, whose district the line would traverse; Assemblyperson
Sheila Kuehl; Supervisor Zev Yaroslavsky, and "various other
environmental groups." The delay comes at a meaningful time,
said Pugliese, since both the Santa Monica Mountains Conservancy
and the American Land Conservancy have expressed interest in buying
the land for the public.
TASC is also alarmed by a geological report prepared by Slosson
and Associates, Consulting Geologists, who propose that the area
has a history of landslides that "can cause slope failures.
These can or may also create failure hazards during and after construction
of the pipeline." The Negative Declaration Report prepared
by DWP also states that the area is "a potential earthquake
induced landslide area," but contends "the effect is not
considered to be significant."
Pugliese called into question, too, using taxpayer dollars to pay
for an extension that would particularly benefit developers. TASC
reported in their July newsletter that DWP representatives admitted
that they were prompted to build the pipeline by developers who
owned land along Dirt Mulholland. In its Negative Declaration report
on the project, though, DWP contends the line is needed to correct
water pressure problems in the area and to provide a supplementary
source of water in case of fire or earthquake.
When the Environmental Impact Report is completed, says Pugliese,
"We have to look at the EIR, see what is says, digest it and
then dissect it," before deciding the next course of action.
Click
here to Mouth off!
[top]
Wrecks Readied for Removal
By Woody Hastings
|
PHOTO BY KATIE DALSEMER

Volunteers doing the dirty
work, preparing car carcasses for removal.
|
It was a no-brainer for Nic Paparella
and his best friend, Joseph Sloggy, 4th graders a couple of
years ago at Topanga Elementary. Of the many civic projects
proposed at teacher Ritesh Shah's class, cleaning up Topanga
Creek was the one project that survived the process of elimination
from a long list of projects proposed in an assignment to
"do something for Topanga. . ."
See the current
newsstand edition of the Messenger for the full story
Click
here to Mouth off!
[top]
|
Controlling the Flow on
PCH
Supervisor Zev Yaroslavsky has announced Board
approval of a $3.2 million contract to P.B. Farradyne, Inc., to
develop, design, and implement a state-of-the-art traffic management
system of Pacific Coast Highway (PCH).
"We've needed something like this out here for a long time,"
Yaroslavsky said. "PCH has long been one of our most beautiful,
but most congested, traffic corridors, but we're hopeful that will
change with adoption of this plan."
Yaroslavsky said that the advanced system would include traffic
signal monitoring, control, and real-time management of traffic
information along PCH from the McClure Tunnel to Trancas Canyon
Road. It will also include a portion of Topanga Canyon Boulevard
and the Ventura Freeway at Las Virgenes Road. Several jurisdictions
are involved, including the cities of Los Angeles, Malibu, and Santa
Monica, and unincorporated County areas.
Once in place, Yaroslavsky said, the management system should increase
mobility, reduce traffic congestion, and enhance air quality.
Financed by a Proposition C half-cent sales tax grant from the Metropolitan
Transportation Authority and State Traffic System Management funds
from Caltrans, the County Department of Public Works will administer
the project as lead agency. Under the contract, P. B. Farradyne,
Inc., will provide project management, system design, software development,
equipment, installation, inspection, training, and system maintenance.
[top]
Be a Docent
Topanga Canyon Docents lead mid-week interpretive
walks for public school children and weekend family walks in the
Santa Monica Mountains. They also host visitors to the Nature Center
in Topanga State Park on Sunday afternoons.
This non-profit all-volunteer group will be holding their annual
fall training classes at Topanga State Park beginning 9:30 a.m.
Saturday, September 23 and every other Saturday thereafter. Six
all-day sessions are taught by leading experts from area universities
and museums on geology, botany, pre-history, mammals, ecology, fire,
birds, insects, reptiles and amphibians as well as interpretive
techniques.
The cost of $40 includes membership in the Docents, all written
materials and handouts and introductory walks in the Santa Monica
Mountains to acquaint new participants with the local mountains.
For further information, call Beverly Weil at (818) 738-1964.
[top]
Scouting for a Leader
Needed: Daisy Girl Scout co-leader. Are you
interested in helping Kindergarten girls build a sense of personal
worth, develop an awareness of others and a sense of personal responsibility,
learn about and believe in themselves, develop a concept of good
citizenship, develop a meaningful set of values to guide their actions
and provide the foundation for sound decision making and contribute
to the improvement of society through the use of their abilities
and leadership skills working in cooperation with others?
Come join Troop 43 and have the time of your life. Call Terri (310)
455-2459.
[top]
|
Fernwood
Assault
By Tony Morris
The Lost Hills Sheriff's
station reported that guests driving to a party on Friday,
August 19, on Vision Drive in Fernwood were threatened
at knifepoint.
According to Detective Parker, four male Hispanics,
standing in the middle of Fernwood Pacific Drive, blocked
two vehicles from proceeding to the Vision Drive address.
The driver of a Honda sedan was approached by a suspect
who told him that he would have to pay $5 for parking
and a $5 cover charge. The driver told the suspect that
he knew the host would not charge a cover or parking
fee. The suspect threatened to stab him if he did not
pay and when the driver refused he was hit in the face
and back of the head. The driver then accelerated and
left the scene. Waiting behind the Honda the driver
of a Jeep, hearing the earlier exchange, was about to
drive off when another suspect took out a knife and
slashed a tire on the vehicle.
Sheriff's deputies investigating the incident determined
that the four suspects may have pulled a gun when they
were refused entry to the party earlier that evening.
A Bowers Drive resident said that loud music was heard
coming from the Vision Drive location all evening and
stopped abruptly at 11 p.m. Witnesses described one
suspect as 6' 2", 220 pounds and another as 5'
9", 200 pounds. The suspects' vehicle was described
as a 1996 black Ford Mustang.
Anyone with information regarding the suspects should
call Detective Parker at the Lost Hills Sheriff's office:
(818) 878-1808.
[top]
|
Controlling the Flow on
PCH
Supervisor Zev Yaroslavsky has announced Board
approval of a $3.2 million contract to P.B. Farradyne, Inc., to
develop, design, and implement a state-of-the-art traffic management
system of Pacific Coast Highway (PCH).
"We've needed something like this out here for a long time,"
Yaroslavsky said. "PCH has long been one of our most beautiful,
but most congested, traffic corridors, but we're hopeful that will
change with adoption of this plan."
Yaroslavsky said that the advanced system would include traffic
signal monitoring, control, and real-time management of traffic
information along PCH from the McClure Tunnel to Trancas Canyon
Road. It will also include a portion of Topanga Canyon Boulevard
and the Ventura Freeway at Las Virgenes Road. Several jurisdictions
are involved, including the cities of Los Angeles, Malibu, and Santa
Monica, and unincorporated County areas.
Once in place, Yaroslavsky said, the management system should increase
mobility, reduce traffic congestion, and enhance air quality.
Financed by a Proposition C half-cent sales tax grant from the Metropolitan
Transportation Authority and State Traffic System Management funds
from Caltrans, the County Department of Public Works will administer
the project as lead agency. Under the contract, P. B. Farradyne,
Inc., will provide project management, system design, software development,
equipment, installation, inspection, training, and system maintenance.
[top]
Be a Docent
Topanga Canyon Docents lead mid-week interpretive
walks for public school children and weekend family walks in the
Santa Monica Mountains. They also host visitors to the Nature Center
in Topanga State Park on Sunday afternoons.
This non-profit all-volunteer group will be holding their annual
fall training classes at Topanga State Park beginning 9:30 a.m.
Saturday, September 23 and every other Saturday thereafter. Six
all-day sessions are taught by leading experts from area universities
and museums on geology, botany, pre-history, mammals, ecology, fire,
birds, insects, reptiles and amphibians as well as interpretive
techniques.
The cost of $40 includes membership in the Docents, all written
materials and handouts and introductory walks in the Santa Monica
Mountains to acquaint new participants with the local mountains.
For further information, call Beverly Weil at (818) 738-1964.
[top]
Scouting for a Leader
Needed: Daisy Girl Scout co-leader. Are you
interested in helping Kindergarten girls build a sense of personal
worth, develop an awareness of others and a sense of personal responsibility,
learn about and believe in themselves, develop a concept of good
citizenship, develop a meaningful set of values to guide their actions
and provide the foundation for sound decision making and contribute
to the improvement of society through the use of their abilities
and leadership skills working in cooperation with others?
Come join Troop 43 and have the time of your life. Call Terri (310)
455-2459.
[top]
|